How SAD
(Seasonal Affective Disorder) Works.
SAD is a form of seasonal depression linked
to changing levels of light that typically starts in fall as the days shorten.
It is also known as “Winter Depression” or Hibernation State”.
What is it?
The nature and severity of SAD vary from person to
person, and for some it can have a significant impact on their day-to-day life.
Typically the symptoms come and go with the seasons, and always begin at the
same time of year, often in the fall. Symptoms include low mood, a loss of
interest in everyday activities, irritability, despair, guilt, and feelings of
worthlessness.
People with SAD lack energy, feel sleepy during the day,
sleep for longer than normal at night, and find it hard to get up in the morning.
As many as one in three people are
affected.
SAD’s seasonal nature can make diagnosis difficult.
Psychological assessment looks at a person’s mood, lifestyle, diet, seasonal
behavior, thought changes, and family history.
Seasonal
cause and effect
Sunlight level affects a part of the brain called the
hypothalamus by altering the production of two chemicals: melatonin (which
controls sleep) and serotonin (which changes mood).
Secretion of Melatonin by
the pineal gland is triggered by darkness/ inhibited by light and controlled by
the hypothalamus.
Winter Pattern
Melatonin increases so
person is tired and wants to sleep.
Serotonin production drops, causing
person to feel low.
Desire to stay in bed and
sleep can lead to reduced social contact.
Craving carbohydrates can
cause overeating and weight gain.
Constant daytime fatigue affects
work and family life.
Summer pattern
Melatonin drops so
person has more energy.
Serotonin production increases,
improving mood and outlook.
Sleep is good, but not
excessive, so person has more energy.
Diet improves as
cravings subside.
Improved energy results
in increased activity and more social contact.
This Article is Taken from How Psychology works
Written by Arshad. A
